From 9792a631b98b96a573740038f744c05ca6f5359d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: jbb01 <32650546+jbb01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Fri, 9 Aug 2024 14:42:45 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] wip
https://pbr-book.org/4ed/Radiometry,_Spectra,_and_Color/Color
---
.../eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/Examples.java | 5 +-
.../jonahbauer/raytracing/math/Matrix3.java | 72 +++
.../render/spectral/SampledSpectrum.java | 71 +++
.../render/spectral/SampledWavelengths.java | 91 ++++
.../render/spectral/colors/Chromaticity.java | 4 +
.../render/spectral/colors/ColorSpace.java | 95 ++++
.../render/spectral/colors/ColorXYZ.java | 52 ++
.../spectral/spectrum/BlackbodySpectrum.java | 45 ++
.../spectral/spectrum/ConstantSpectrum.java | 17 +
.../spectrum/DenselySampledSpectrum.java | 51 ++
.../spectrum/PiecewiseLinearSpectrum.java | 48 ++
.../render/spectral/spectrum/Spectra.java | 78 +++
.../render/spectral/spectrum/Spectrum.java | 49 ++
.../raytracing/render/texture/Color.java | 14 +-
.../jonahbauer/raytracing/colorspace/.gitkeep | 0
.../raytracing/spectrum/CIE_xyz_1931_2deg.csv | 471 ++++++++++++++++++
.../raytracing/textures}/earthmap.jpg | Bin
17 files changed, 1157 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)
create mode 100644 src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/math/Matrix3.java
create mode 100644 src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/SampledSpectrum.java
create mode 100644 src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/SampledWavelengths.java
create mode 100644 src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/colors/Chromaticity.java
create mode 100644 src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/colors/ColorSpace.java
create mode 100644 src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/colors/ColorXYZ.java
create mode 100644 src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/spectrum/BlackbodySpectrum.java
create mode 100644 src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/spectrum/ConstantSpectrum.java
create mode 100644 src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/spectrum/DenselySampledSpectrum.java
create mode 100644 src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/spectrum/PiecewiseLinearSpectrum.java
create mode 100644 src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/spectrum/Spectra.java
create mode 100644 src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/spectrum/Spectrum.java
create mode 100644 src/main/resources/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/colorspace/.gitkeep
create mode 100644 src/main/resources/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/spectrum/CIE_xyz_1931_2deg.csv
rename src/main/resources/{ => eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/textures}/earthmap.jpg (100%)
diff --git a/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/Examples.java b/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/Examples.java
index 401be82..bb545d2 100644
--- a/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/Examples.java
+++ b/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/Examples.java
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
package eu.jonahbauer.raytracing;
-import eu.jonahbauer.raytracing.math.AABB;
import eu.jonahbauer.raytracing.math.Vec3;
import eu.jonahbauer.raytracing.render.texture.CheckerTexture;
import eu.jonahbauer.raytracing.render.texture.Color;
@@ -293,7 +292,7 @@ public class Examples {
return new Example(
new Scene(getSkyBox(), List.of(
- new Sphere(Vec3.ZERO, 2, new LambertianMaterial(new ImageTexture("/earthmap.jpg")))
+ new Sphere(Vec3.ZERO, 2, new LambertianMaterial(new ImageTexture("/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/textures/earthmap.jpg")))
)),
SimpleCamera.builder()
.withImage(height * 16 / 9, height)
@@ -369,7 +368,7 @@ public class Examples {
));
// textures spheres
- objects.add(new Sphere(new Vec3(400, 200, 400), 100, new LambertianMaterial(new ImageTexture("/earthmap.jpg"))));
+ objects.add(new Sphere(new Vec3(400, 200, 400), 100, new LambertianMaterial(new ImageTexture("/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/textures/earthmap.jpg"))));
objects.add(new Sphere(new Vec3(220, 280, 300), 80, new LambertianMaterial(new PerlinTexture(0.2))));
// box from spheres
diff --git a/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/math/Matrix3.java b/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/math/Matrix3.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69f0bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/math/Matrix3.java
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+package eu.jonahbauer.raytracing.math;
+
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
+
+public record Matrix3(
+ double a11, double a12, double a13,
+ double a21, double a22, double a23,
+ double a31, double a32, double a33
+) {
+
+ public Matrix3() {
+ this(1, 1, 1);
+ }
+
+ public Matrix3(double a11, double a22, double a33) {
+ this(a11, 0, 0, 0, a22, 0, 0, 0, a33);
+ }
+
+ public @NotNull Matrix3 times(@NotNull Matrix3 other) {
+ return new Matrix3(
+ a11 * other.a11 + a12 * other.a21 + a13 * other.a31,
+ a11 * other.a12 + a12 * other.a22 + a13 * other.a32,
+ a11 * other.a13 + a12 * other.a23 + a13 * other.a33,
+ a21 * other.a11 + a22 * other.a21 + a23 * other.a31,
+ a21 * other.a12 + a22 * other.a22 + a23 * other.a32,
+ a21 * other.a13 + a22 * other.a23 + a23 * other.a33,
+ a31 * other.a11 + a32 * other.a21 + a33 * other.a31,
+ a31 * other.a12 + a32 * other.a22 + a33 * other.a32,
+ a31 * other.a13 + a32 * other.a23 + a33 * other.a33
+ );
+ }
+
+ public @NotNull Matrix3 times(double other) {
+ return new Matrix3(
+ a11 * other, a12 * other, a13 * other,
+ a21 * other, a22 * other, a23 * other,
+ a31 * other, a32 * other, a33 * other
+ );
+ }
+
+ public @NotNull Vec3 times(@NotNull Vec3 other) {
+ return new Vec3(
+ a11 * other.x() + a12 * other.y() + a13 * other.z(),
+ a21 * other.x() + a22 * other.y() + a23 * other.z(),
+ a31 * other.x() + a32 * other.y() + a33 * other.z()
+ );
+ }
+
+ public @NotNull Matrix3 plus(@NotNull Matrix3 other) {
+ return new Matrix3(
+ a11 + other.a11, a12 + other.a12, a13 + other.a13,
+ a21 + other.a21, a22 + other.a22, a23 + other.a23,
+ a31 + other.a31, a32 + other.a32, a33 + other.a33
+ );
+ }
+
+ public double det() {
+ return a11 * a22 * a33 + a12 * a23 * a31 + a13 * a21 * a32
+ - a13 * a22 * a31 - a23 * a32 * a11 - a33 * a12 * a21;
+ }
+
+ public @NotNull Matrix3 invert() {
+ var det = det();
+ if (det == 0) throw new IllegalStateException();
+ var t = 1 / det;
+ return new Matrix3(
+ t * (a22 * a33 - a23 * a32), t * (-a12 * a33 + a13 * a32), t * (a12 * a23 - a13 * a22),
+ t * (-a21 * a33 + a23 * a31), t * (a11 * a33 - a13 * a31), t * (-a11 * a23 + a13 * a21),
+ t * (a21 * a32 - a22 * a31), t * (a11 * a32 + a12 * a31), t * (a11 * a22 - a12 * a21)
+ );
+ }
+}
diff --git a/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/SampledSpectrum.java b/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/SampledSpectrum.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8566fa8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/SampledSpectrum.java
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+package eu.jonahbauer.raytracing.render.spectral;
+
+import eu.jonahbauer.raytracing.render.spectral.colors.ColorSpace;
+import eu.jonahbauer.raytracing.render.spectral.colors.ColorXYZ;
+import eu.jonahbauer.raytracing.render.spectral.spectrum.Spectrum;
+import eu.jonahbauer.raytracing.render.texture.Color;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
+
+public final class SampledSpectrum {
+ private final double @NotNull[] values;
+
+ public SampledSpectrum(@NotNull SampledWavelengths lambdas, @NotNull Spectrum spectrum) {
+ var values = new double[lambdas.size()];
+ for (int i = 0; i < values.length; i++) {
+ values[i] = spectrum.get(lambdas.get(i));
+ }
+ this.values = values;
+ }
+
+ private SampledSpectrum(double @NotNull[] values) {
+ this.values = values;
+ }
+
+ public static @NotNull SampledSpectrum multiply(@NotNull SampledSpectrum a, @NotNull SampledSpectrum b) {
+ var out = new double[a.values.length];
+ for (int i = 0; i < a.values.length; i++) {
+ out[i] = a.values[i] * b.values[i];
+ }
+ return new SampledSpectrum(out);
+ }
+
+ public static @NotNull SampledSpectrum multiply(@NotNull SampledSpectrum a, double b) {
+ var out = new double[a.values.length];
+ for (int i = 0; i < a.values.length; i++) {
+ out[i] = a.values[i] * b;
+ }
+ return new SampledSpectrum(out);
+ }
+
+ public static @NotNull SampledSpectrum add(@NotNull SampledSpectrum a, @NotNull SampledSpectrum b) {
+ var out = new double[a.values.length];
+ for (int i = 0; i < a.values.length; i++) {
+ out[i] = a.values[i] + b.values[i];
+ }
+ return new SampledSpectrum(out);
+ }
+
+ public double get(int index) {
+ return values[index];
+ }
+
+ public int size() {
+ return values.length;
+ }
+
+ public double average() {
+ double avg = 0;
+ for (int i = 0; i < values.length; i++) {
+ avg = Math.fma(1d / (i + 1), values[i] - avg, avg);
+ }
+ return avg;
+ }
+
+ public @NotNull ColorXYZ toXYZ(@NotNull SampledWavelengths lambdas) {
+ return lambdas.toXYZ(this);
+ }
+
+ public @NotNull Color toRGB(@NotNull SampledWavelengths lambdas, @NotNull ColorSpace cs) {
+ return cs.toRGB(toXYZ(lambdas));
+ }
+}
diff --git a/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/SampledWavelengths.java b/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/SampledWavelengths.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..88d587e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/SampledWavelengths.java
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+package eu.jonahbauer.raytracing.render.spectral;
+
+import eu.jonahbauer.raytracing.render.spectral.colors.ColorXYZ;
+import eu.jonahbauer.raytracing.render.spectral.spectrum.Spectra;
+import eu.jonahbauer.raytracing.render.spectral.spectrum.Spectrum;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+/**
+ * A set of sampled wavelength that can be tracked together.
+ */
+public final class SampledWavelengths {
+ private final double @NotNull[] lambdas;
+ private final double @NotNull[] pdf;
+
+ public static @NotNull SampledWavelengths uniform(double rng) {
+ return uniform(rng, Spectrum.LAMBDA_MIN, Spectrum.LAMBDA_MAX);
+ }
+
+ public static @NotNull SampledWavelengths uniform(double rng, double min, double max) {
+ var lambdas = new double[Spectrum.SAMPLES];
+
+ // choose first sample at random
+ lambdas[0] = (1 - rng) * min + rng * max;
+
+ // choose next samples in equal intervals, wrapping if necessary
+ var delta = (max - min) / Spectrum.SAMPLES;
+ for (int i = 1; i < Spectrum.SAMPLES; i++) {
+ lambdas[i] = lambdas[i - 1] + delta;
+ if (lambdas[i] > max) {
+ lambdas[i] = min + (lambdas[i] - max);
+ }
+ }
+
+ var pdf = new double[Spectrum.SAMPLES];
+ Arrays.fill(pdf, 1 / (max - min));
+ return new SampledWavelengths(lambdas, pdf);
+ }
+
+ private SampledWavelengths(double @NotNull[] lambdas, double @NotNull[] pdf) {
+ this.lambdas = lambdas;
+ this.pdf = pdf;
+ }
+
+ public double get(int index) {
+ return lambdas[index];
+ }
+
+ public int size() {
+ return lambdas.length;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Terminates the secondary wavelengths. This method should be called after a wavelength-dependent operation like
+ * refraction that makes it incorrect to track multiple wavelengths together.
+ */
+ public void terminateSecondary() {
+ if (pdf.length < 2 || pdf[1] == 0) return;
+ Arrays.fill(pdf, 1, pdf.length, 0d);
+ pdf[0] /= pdf.length;
+ }
+
+ @NotNull
+ ColorXYZ toXYZ(@NotNull SampledSpectrum spectrum) {
+ var x = Spectra.X().sample(this);
+ var y = Spectra.Y().sample(this);
+ var z = Spectra.Z().sample(this);
+
+ return new ColorXYZ(
+ toXYZ0(spectrum, x) / ColorXYZ.CIE_Y_INTEGRAL,
+ toXYZ0(spectrum, y) / ColorXYZ.CIE_Y_INTEGRAL,
+ toXYZ0(spectrum, z) / ColorXYZ.CIE_Y_INTEGRAL
+ );
+ }
+
+ private double toXYZ0(@NotNull SampledSpectrum spectrum, @NotNull SampledSpectrum cie) {
+ var avg = 0d;
+ for (int i = 0; i < spectrum.size(); i++) {
+ var pdf = this.pdf[i];
+ double value;
+ if (pdf == 0) {
+ value = 0;
+ } else {
+ value = spectrum.get(i) * cie.get(i) / pdf;
+ }
+ avg = Math.fma(1d / (i + 1), value - avg, avg);
+ }
+ return avg;
+ }
+}
diff --git a/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/colors/Chromaticity.java b/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/colors/Chromaticity.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..24dea8a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/colors/Chromaticity.java
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+package eu.jonahbauer.raytracing.render.spectral.colors;
+
+public record Chromaticity(double x, double y) {
+}
diff --git a/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/colors/ColorSpace.java b/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/colors/ColorSpace.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a75732a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/colors/ColorSpace.java
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+package eu.jonahbauer.raytracing.render.spectral.colors;
+
+import eu.jonahbauer.raytracing.math.Matrix3;
+import eu.jonahbauer.raytracing.render.spectral.spectrum.DenselySampledSpectrum;
+import eu.jonahbauer.raytracing.render.spectral.spectrum.Spectrum;
+import eu.jonahbauer.raytracing.render.texture.Color;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
+
+import java.util.NoSuchElementException;
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+/**
+ * An RGB color space.
+ */
+public final class ColorSpace {
+ public static final @NotNull ColorSpace sRGB;
+ public static final @NotNull ColorSpace DCI_P3;
+ public static final @NotNull ColorSpace Rec2020;
+
+ private final @NotNull Chromaticity r;
+ private final @NotNull Chromaticity g;
+ private final @NotNull Chromaticity b;
+ private final @NotNull Chromaticity w;
+ private final @NotNull DenselySampledSpectrum illuminant;
+
+ private final @NotNull Matrix3 XYZfromRGB;
+ private final @NotNull Matrix3 RGBfromXYZ;
+ private final @NotNull Object RGBtoSpectrumTable;
+
+ public static ColorSpace getNamed(@NotNull String name) {
+ return switch (name) {
+ case "sRGB" -> sRGB;
+ case "DCI-P3" -> DCI_P3;
+ case "Rec2020" -> Rec2020;
+ default -> throw new NoSuchElementException("unknown color space " + name);
+ };
+ }
+
+ public ColorSpace(
+ @NotNull Chromaticity r, @NotNull Chromaticity g, @NotNull Chromaticity b,
+ @NotNull Spectrum illuminant, @NotNull Object table
+ ) {
+ this.r = Objects.requireNonNull(r, "r");
+ this.g = Objects.requireNonNull(r, "g");
+ this.b = Objects.requireNonNull(r, "b");
+ this.illuminant = new DenselySampledSpectrum(illuminant);
+ this.RGBtoSpectrumTable = table;
+
+ var W = illuminant.toXYZ();
+ this.w = W.xy();
+
+ var R = new ColorXYZ(r);
+ var G = new ColorXYZ(g);
+ var B = new ColorXYZ(b);
+ var rgb = new Matrix3(
+ R.x(), G.x(), B.x(),
+ R.y(), G.y(), B.y(),
+ R.z(), G.z(), B.z()
+ );
+ var C = rgb.invert().times(W.toVec3());
+
+ this.XYZfromRGB = rgb.times(new Matrix3(C.x(), C.y(), C.z()));
+ this.RGBfromXYZ = XYZfromRGB.invert();
+ }
+
+ public @NotNull Color toRGB(@NotNull ColorXYZ xyz) {
+ var out = RGBfromXYZ.times(xyz.toVec3());
+ return new Color(out.x(), out.y(), out.z());
+ }
+
+ public @NotNull ColorXYZ toXYZ(@NotNull Color rgb) {
+ var out = XYZfromRGB.times(rgb.toVec3());
+ return new ColorXYZ(out);
+ }
+
+ public @NotNull Chromaticity r() {
+ return r;
+ }
+
+ public @NotNull Chromaticity g() {
+ return g;
+ }
+
+ public @NotNull Chromaticity b() {
+ return b;
+ }
+
+ public @NotNull Chromaticity w() {
+ return w;
+ }
+
+ public @NotNull DenselySampledSpectrum illuminant() {
+ return illuminant;
+ }
+}
diff --git a/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/colors/ColorXYZ.java b/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/colors/ColorXYZ.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eb0147b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/colors/ColorXYZ.java
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+package eu.jonahbauer.raytracing.render.spectral.colors;
+
+import eu.jonahbauer.raytracing.math.Vec3;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
+
+/**
+ * A CIE XYZ color
+ */
+public record ColorXYZ(double x, double y, double z) {
+ public static final double CIE_Y_INTEGRAL = 106.85689500000002;
+
+ public ColorXYZ(@NotNull Chromaticity chromaticity) {
+ this(chromaticity, 1);
+ }
+
+ public ColorXYZ(@NotNull Chromaticity chromaticity, double Y) {
+ this(
+ chromaticity.y() == 0 ? 0 : Y * chromaticity.x() / chromaticity.y(),
+ chromaticity.y() == 0 ? 0 : Y,
+ chromaticity.y() == 0 ? 0 : Y * (1 - chromaticity.x() - chromaticity.y()) / chromaticity.y()
+ );
+ }
+
+ public ColorXYZ(@NotNull Vec3 vec) {
+ this(vec.x(), vec.y(), vec.z());
+ }
+
+ public double average() {
+ return (x + y + z) / 3;
+ }
+
+ public @NotNull Chromaticity xy() {
+ var factor = 1 / (x + y + z);
+ return new Chromaticity(factor * x, factor * y);
+ }
+
+ public @NotNull Vec3 toVec3() {
+ return new Vec3(x, y, z);
+ }
+
+ public static @NotNull ColorXYZ multiply(@NotNull ColorXYZ a, @NotNull ColorXYZ b) {
+ return new ColorXYZ(a.x * b.x, a.y * b.y, a.z * b.z);
+ }
+
+ public static @NotNull ColorXYZ multiply(@NotNull ColorXYZ a, double b) {
+ return new ColorXYZ(a.x * b, a.y * b, a.z * b);
+ }
+
+ public static @NotNull ColorXYZ add(@NotNull ColorXYZ a, @NotNull ColorXYZ b) {
+ return new ColorXYZ(a.x + b.x, a.y + b.y, a.z + b.z);
+ }
+}
diff --git a/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/spectrum/BlackbodySpectrum.java b/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/spectrum/BlackbodySpectrum.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4a07f8b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/spectrum/BlackbodySpectrum.java
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+package eu.jonahbauer.raytracing.render.spectral.spectrum;
+
+public final class BlackbodySpectrum implements Spectrum {
+ /**
+ * the speed of light in m/s
+ */
+ private static final double c = 299792458d;
+
+ /**
+ * the planck constant in m^2*kg/s
+ */
+ private static final double h = 6.62607015E-34;
+
+ /**
+ * the boltzmann constant in m^2*kg/s^2/K
+ */
+ private static final double k = 1.380649E-23;
+
+ /**
+ * wien's displacement constant in m*K
+ */
+ private static final double b = 2.897771995E-3;
+
+ private final double T;
+ private final double factor;
+
+ public BlackbodySpectrum(double T) {
+ if (T < 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException("T must be non-negative");
+ this.T = T;
+ this.factor = 1 / get(b / T);
+ }
+
+ @Override
+ public double max() {
+ return 1;
+ }
+
+ @Override
+ public double get(double lambda) {
+ lambda *= 1E-9;
+ var l2 = lambda * lambda;
+ var x = h * c / (lambda * k * T);
+ return 2 * h * c * c / (l2 * l2 * lambda) / (Math.exp(x) - 1) * factor;
+ }
+}
diff --git a/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/spectrum/ConstantSpectrum.java b/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/spectrum/ConstantSpectrum.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e5348da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/spectrum/ConstantSpectrum.java
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+package eu.jonahbauer.raytracing.render.spectral.spectrum;
+
+/**
+ * A constant spectrum.
+ * @param c the constant value
+ */
+public record ConstantSpectrum(double c) implements Spectrum {
+ @Override
+ public double max() {
+ return c;
+ }
+
+ @Override
+ public double get(double lambda) {
+ return c;
+ }
+}
diff --git a/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/spectrum/DenselySampledSpectrum.java b/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/spectrum/DenselySampledSpectrum.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..adefd98
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/spectrum/DenselySampledSpectrum.java
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+package eu.jonahbauer.raytracing.render.spectral.spectrum;
+
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+/**
+ * A spectrum sampled in one nanometer intervals.
+ */
+public final class DenselySampledSpectrum implements Spectrum {
+ private final double[] samples;
+ private final int min;
+
+ private final double max;
+
+ public DenselySampledSpectrum(@NotNull Spectrum spectrum) {
+ this(spectrum, (int) LAMBDA_MIN, (int) LAMBDA_MAX);
+ }
+
+ public DenselySampledSpectrum(@NotNull Spectrum spectrum, int min, int max) {
+ if (max - min + 1 <= 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException("samples must not be empty");
+ this.samples = new double[max - min + 1];
+ var maxValue = 0d;
+ for (int lambda = min; lambda <= max; lambda++) {
+ var sample = spectrum.get(lambda);
+ if (sample > maxValue) maxValue = sample;
+ this.samples[lambda] = sample;
+ }
+ this.min = min;
+ this.max = maxValue;
+ }
+
+ public DenselySampledSpectrum(double @NotNull[] samples, int lambdaMin) {
+ if (samples.length == 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException("samples must not be empty");
+ this.samples = Arrays.copyOf(samples, samples.length);
+ this.min = lambdaMin;
+ this.max = Arrays.stream(this.samples).max().orElseThrow();
+ }
+
+ @Override
+ public double max() {
+ return max;
+ }
+
+ @Override
+ public double get(double lambda) {
+ int offset = (int) Math.round(lambda) - min;
+ if (offset < 0 || offset >= samples.length) return 0;
+ return samples[offset];
+ }
+}
diff --git a/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/spectrum/PiecewiseLinearSpectrum.java b/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/spectrum/PiecewiseLinearSpectrum.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c6c4c3d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/spectrum/PiecewiseLinearSpectrum.java
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+package eu.jonahbauer.raytracing.render.spectral.spectrum;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+public final class PiecewiseLinearSpectrum implements Spectrum {
+ private final double[] lambdas;
+ private final double[] values;
+ private final double max;
+
+ public PiecewiseLinearSpectrum(double[] lambdas, double[] values) {
+ if (lambdas.length != values.length) {
+ throw new IllegalArgumentException("lambdas and values must have the same length");
+ }
+
+ this.lambdas = Arrays.copyOf(lambdas, lambdas.length);
+ this.values = Arrays.copyOf(values, values.length);
+
+ var max = 0d;
+ for (int i = 1; i < this.lambdas.length; i++) {
+ if (this.lambdas[i] <= this.lambdas[i - 1]) {
+ throw new IllegalArgumentException("lambdas must be in increasing order");
+ }
+ if (this.values[i] < 0) {
+ throw new IllegalArgumentException("values must be non-negative");
+ } else if (this.values[i] > max) {
+ max = this.values[i];
+ }
+ }
+ this.max = max;
+ }
+
+ @Override
+ public double max() {
+ return max;
+ }
+
+ @Override
+ public double get(double lambda) {
+ if (lambdas.length == 0 || lambda < lambdas[0] || lambda > lambdas[lambdas.length - 1]) return 0;
+ if (lambda == lambdas[lambdas.length - 1]) return values[values.length - 1];
+
+ var i = Arrays.binarySearch(lambdas, lambda);
+ if (i < 0) i = -i - 1;
+
+ var t = (lambda - lambdas[i]) / (lambdas[i + 1] - lambdas[i]);
+ return (1 - t) * values[i] + t * values[i + 1];
+ }
+}
diff --git a/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/spectrum/Spectra.java b/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/spectrum/Spectra.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..158ae7f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/spectrum/Spectra.java
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+package eu.jonahbauer.raytracing.render.spectral.spectrum;
+
+import eu.jonahbauer.raytracing.render.spectral.ColorMatchingFunction;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
+
+import java.io.BufferedReader;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStreamReader;
+import java.io.UncheckedIOException;
+import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
+
+public final class Spectra {
+ private static final Spectrum X;
+ private static final Spectrum Y;
+ private static final Spectrum Z;
+
+ static {
+ var count = Spectrum.LAMBDA_MAX - Spectrum.LAMBDA_MIN + 1;
+ var x = new double[count];
+ var y = new double[count];
+ var z = new double[count];
+
+ try (
+ var is = Spectra.class.getResourceAsStream("/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/spectrum/CIE_xyz_1931_2deg.csv");
+ var in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is, StandardCharsets.US_ASCII))
+ ) {
+ for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+ var line = in.readLine().split(",");
+ x[i] = Double.parseDouble(line[1]);
+ y[i] = Double.parseDouble(line[2]);
+ z[i] = Double.parseDouble(line[3]);
+ }
+ } catch (IOException e) {
+ throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
+ }
+
+ X = new DenselySampledSpectrum(x, Spectrum.LAMBDA_MIN);
+ Y = new DenselySampledSpectrum(y, Spectrum.LAMBDA_MIN);
+ Z = new DenselySampledSpectrum(z, Spectrum.LAMBDA_MIN);
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * {@return the X color matching curve}
+ */
+ public static @NotNull Spectrum X() {
+ return X;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * {@return the Y color matching curve}
+ */
+ public static @NotNull Spectrum Y() {
+ return Y;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * {@return the Z color matching curve}
+ */
+ public static @NotNull Spectrum Z() {
+ return Z;
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * {@return the D illuminant at the given temperature}
+ * @param T the temperature
+ */
+ public static @NotNull Spectrum D(double T) {
+
+ }
+
+ public static @NotNull Spectrum getNamed(@NotNull String name) {
+
+ }
+
+ private Spectra() {
+ throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+ }
+}
diff --git a/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/spectrum/Spectrum.java b/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/spectrum/Spectrum.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ecdf5f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/spectral/spectrum/Spectrum.java
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+package eu.jonahbauer.raytracing.render.spectral.spectrum;
+
+import eu.jonahbauer.raytracing.render.spectral.colors.ColorSpace;
+import eu.jonahbauer.raytracing.render.spectral.colors.ColorXYZ;
+import eu.jonahbauer.raytracing.render.spectral.SampledSpectrum;
+import eu.jonahbauer.raytracing.render.spectral.SampledWavelengths;
+import eu.jonahbauer.raytracing.render.texture.Color;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.NotNull;
+
+public interface Spectrum {
+ int LAMBDA_MIN = 360;
+ int LAMBDA_MAX = 830;
+ int SAMPLES = 4;
+
+ /**
+ * {@return the maximum value of this spectrum over the range of wavelengths}
+ */
+ double max();
+
+ /**
+ * {@return the value of this spectrum at a given wavelength}
+ * @param lambda the wavelength in nanometers
+ */
+ double get(double lambda);
+
+ default @NotNull SampledSpectrum sample(@NotNull SampledWavelengths lambdas) {
+ return new SampledSpectrum(lambdas, this);
+ }
+
+ default @NotNull ColorXYZ toXYZ() {
+ return new ColorXYZ(
+ innerProduct(Spectra.X(), this) / ColorXYZ.CIE_Y_INTEGRAL,
+ innerProduct(Spectra.Y(), this) / ColorXYZ.CIE_Y_INTEGRAL,
+ innerProduct(Spectra.Z(), this) / ColorXYZ.CIE_Y_INTEGRAL
+ );
+ }
+
+ default @NotNull Color toRGB(@NotNull ColorSpace cs) {
+ return cs.toRGB(toXYZ());
+ }
+
+ private static double innerProduct(@NotNull Spectrum f, @NotNull Spectrum g) {
+ var integral = 0.0;
+ for (var lambda = LAMBDA_MIN; lambda <= LAMBDA_MAX; lambda++) {
+ integral += f.get(lambda) * g.get(lambda);
+ }
+ return integral;
+ }
+}
diff --git a/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/texture/Color.java b/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/texture/Color.java
index b7d1672..aa2f3ff 100644
--- a/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/texture/Color.java
+++ b/src/main/java/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/render/texture/Color.java
@@ -20,9 +20,9 @@ public record Color(double r, double g, double b) implements Texture, SkyBox {
if (t < 0) return a;
if (t > 1) return b;
return new Color(
- (1 - t) * a.r + t * b.r,
- (1 - t) * a.g + t * b.g,
- (1 - t) * a.b + t * b.b
+ Math.fma(t, b.r, Math.fma(-t, a.r, a.r)),
+ Math.fma(t, b.g, Math.fma(-t, a.g, a.g)),
+ Math.fma(t, b.b, Math.fma(-t, a.b, a.b))
);
}
@@ -86,6 +86,10 @@ public record Color(double r, double g, double b) implements Texture, SkyBox {
this(red / 255f, green / 255f, blue / 255f);
}
+ public Color(@NotNull Vec3 vec) {
+ this(vec.x(), vec.y(), vec.z());
+ }
+
public Color {
if (DEBUG) {
if (!Double.isFinite(r) || !Double.isFinite(g) || !Double.isFinite(b)) {
@@ -124,6 +128,10 @@ public record Color(double r, double g, double b) implements Texture, SkyBox {
return false;
}
+ public @NotNull Vec3 toVec3() {
+ return new Vec3(r, g, b);
+ }
+
private static int toInt(double value) {
return Math.clamp((int) (255.99 * value), 0, 255);
}
diff --git a/src/main/resources/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/colorspace/.gitkeep b/src/main/resources/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/colorspace/.gitkeep
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/src/main/resources/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/spectrum/CIE_xyz_1931_2deg.csv b/src/main/resources/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/spectrum/CIE_xyz_1931_2deg.csv
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..abc8e63
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/resources/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/spectrum/CIE_xyz_1931_2deg.csv
@@ -0,0 +1,471 @@
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diff --git a/src/main/resources/earthmap.jpg b/src/main/resources/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/textures/earthmap.jpg
similarity index 100%
rename from src/main/resources/earthmap.jpg
rename to src/main/resources/eu/jonahbauer/raytracing/textures/earthmap.jpg